Submarine Networks
Open Cable Community
Cable Landing Station is one important component of a submarine cable system which comprises of Wet Plant and Dry Plant.
The Dry Plant of a submarine cable system is a segment between the beach manhole and the cable landing station, comprises of land cable, power feeding equipment (PFE) and submarine line terminal equipment(SLTE), etc. The Wet Plant of a submarine cable system lies between the beach manholes, consists of submarine cable, repeater/gain equalizer, branching unit. A typical schematic of a submarine cable system is shown below.
The PFE and the SLTE of a submarine cable system are installed at the cable landing station. In some cases, the PFE is installed at a cable landing station nearby the cable landing site, while the SLTE may be installed in another cable landing station much faraway. For example, the terminal station at Hillsboro for the SLTE of the TPE cable system is about 150 mile away from the cable landing site at Nedonna Beach.
Multiple submarine cable systems may share the same cable landing stations. The submarine cable system is connected with the terrestrial network at the cable landing station, through the so called backhaul system.
The cable landing site is usually carefully chosen to be in areas:
Multiple types of submarine cables may be used in a submarine cable system, subject to depth of the seabed where the cable lies.
The double armored submarine cable is used at the shore-end, terminated at the beach manhole at the cable landing site, and is interconnected with much lighter land cable going onward to the cable landing station.
In most of the jurisdictions worldwide, the cable landing license is required to land a submarine cable.
The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has issued the Consultation Paper on 'Licensing Framework and Regulatory Mechanism for Submarine Cable Landing in India'.
Bharti Airtel Mumbai Cable Landing Station ( Mumbai CLS) is the cable landing station for SMW4 and EIG submarine cable systems.
May 8, 2011 : The department of telecommunication (DoT) has given its approval on Thursday to set up a cable-landing station at Digha in West Bengal for the Rs 1600-crore submarine cable-laying project between India and South-east Asia.
Tuticorin Cable Landing Station (Tuticorin CLS) is located at the Digital Transmission Centre, 145/11 Ettayapuram Road in Tuticorin. The Tuticorin CLS is the cable landing station for the Bharat Lanka Cable System (BLCS), the first international submarine cable built by Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), one of the largest carriers in India.
Bharti Airtel has two international landing stations in Chennai, one connects with the i2i cable network between Chennai and Singapore, the other connects with the SEA-ME-WE 4.
Africa is irrefutably one of the most important growth markets globally embracing digital transformation enabled by resurgent economic progress,
Among the 54 African countries recognized by United Nations, there are 38 countries that have seashore and 16 that are land locked. Out of these 38 countries that have seashore, 37 countries have at least one submarine cable landing. The lone exception is Eritrea, considering Western Sahara is considered disputed territory.
By the end of 2019, among the 37 countries that have at least one subsea cable landing, 11 countries have only 1 subsea cable, 10 countries have 2 subsea cables, 6 have 3 subsea cables, and 10 have more than 3.
The map below depicts a full and colorful picture about African Undersea Cables.
African Undersea Cables, by Steve Song, Many Possibilities
There are also excellent insights and summary on submarine cables business in Africa in the following articles:
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